Medication Adherence (approximately 50% in developed countries) is widely recognized as a worldwide issue in public health leading with, among others, poor healthcare outcomes, poor quality of life and increasing cost for the National Health System. So far, many studies have investigated how to measure adherence, how to overcome barriers and how to solve them. The improvement on Information Technologies and Big Data analysis can be integrated in tools and support practices to measure medication adherence. The objective of this paper is to explore and map the recent literature that used Big Data as a tool or framework to measure and increase knowledge about medication non-adherence.